1、which event marks the end of the wars of the roses? a、battle of bosworth field b、campaign between spanish armada and english navy c、dissolution of the monasteries d、english renaissance
2、who defeated the spanish armada in 1588? a、henry vii b、henry viii c、mary i d、elizabeth i
3、who was the first monarch to declare him/her supreme head of the church of england? a、henry vii b、henry viii c、mary i d、elizabeth i
4、who was the best poet that synthesized the ideas and tendencies of the english renaissance? a、edmund spenser b、william caxton c、sir philip sidney d、christopher marlowe
5、in 1501, henry and elizabeth’s elder son arthur, having married catherine of aragon, died of an unknown ailment at the age of 15, leaving their younger son henry, duke of york, as the heir. a、wound b、disease c、reason d、attack
6、his desire to provide england with a male heir also resulted in his break with the pope (who would not allow an annulment of his first marriage with the widowed catherine of aragon) and the roman catholic church, leading to the english reformation. a、invalidation b、refusal c、agreement d、interference
7、over 800 monasteries were dissolved, demolished for building materials, confiscated, sold off or reclaimed as anglican churches. a、deferred b、delayed c、distributed d、destroyed
8、henry had to take drastic actions, which are urging the english parliament to enact a series of acts between 1532 and 1534 breaking ties with rome, and declaring the king supreme head of the church of england. a、declare b、issue c、restrain d、ban
9、the economically and militarily weaker england foiled the invasion or perhaps more exactly, bad luck, bad tactics and bad weather destroyed the armada. a、surrendered b、prevented c、failed d、conducted
10、yet the tudor legacy of meagre public revenue and endemic corruption in the central bureaucracy was ultimately ameliorated by the events of the civil war and interregnum. a、improved b、worsened c、worsened d、suspended
11、henry viii achieved many of his political aims through the work of his chief ministers, so who were the most famous figures in his administration? a、thomas wolsey b、thomas more c、thomas cromwell d、thomas young
12、who were the children of henry viii? a、henry vii b、edward vi c、mary i d、elizabeth i
13、which tudor monarch supported protestantism? a、henry vii b、edward vi c、mary i d、elizabeth i
14、at the end of the reign of henry viii, which following parts did britain include? a、england b、scotland c、wales d、ireland
15、who were the writers of the tudor period? a、edmund spenser b、sir philip sidney c、christopher marlowe d、william shakespeare
16、henry tudor, the last lancastrian male, defeated the plantagenet king richard iii in the battle of bosworth field on 22 august. with his accession to the throne as henry viii, the wars of the roses came to an end.
17、henry viii is remembered for his six marriages in an attempt to produce a healthy son.
18、edward vi was a fervent catholic and carried out a series of reforms.
19、in order to guarantee a protestant succession, edward vi allowed lady jane grey, granddaughter of henry viii’s sister mary and an overt protestant, to become the queen.
20、mary i was the first queen regnant of england (a queen reigning in her own right rather than through marriage) if we exclude the disputed reigns of jane and the empress matilda.
21、in 1554, mary married philip, king of spain, who as a foreigner and a catholic was welcome in england.
22、elizabeth i was one of england’s greatest monarchs and the first monarch whose name has become a synonym for the era she dominated—the elizabethan era.
23、elizabeth i managed to balance the interests of the puritans and catholics and resolved the religious issue by the elizabethan religious settlement, which re-established the protestant church of england and made her its supreme governor.
24、henry vii was the first monarch to declare him supreme head of the church of england.
25、henry viii achieved many of his political aims through the work of his chief ministers.
26、in the summer of 1485, henry tudor, the last lancastrian male, landed in england from his exile in france and defeated the plantagenet king richard iii in the on 22 august.
27、henry viii was also known as the “ ” by expanding naval forces and modernizing naval administration.
28、mary i was a devoted catholic and also nicknamed “ ” for her persecution of over 280 protestants in a vain attempt to turn the clock back and restore roman catholicism in england.
29、elizabeth remained the “ ” all through her life to consolidate the general policy of balancing the continental powers.
30、the population growth in the tudor period did not so dangerously exceed the capacity of available resources, particularly food supplies, as to precipitate a .
31、in 1600, the queen chartered the to share in the east indian spice trade, which had been a monopoly of spain and portugal until the defeat of the armada.
32、the and the flowering of literature, especially in the fields of poetry and drama, reached their apogee in the elizabethan era, adding another dimension to the “gold” of the period.
33、has exerted greater influence on english literature and european drama than any other single writer and his history plays, comedies, and tragedies set a standard never again equaled.
34、the defeat of the in 1588 is popularly viewed as one of the greatest victories in english history.
35、was the hub of the tudor political system and the main permanent institution of government (as opposed to the intermittent parliament).
learning assignment
1、look at the painting of jane’s execution and answer the following questions. how does the artist want us to feel about jane's execution?
2、how does he try to make us feel this way?
3、do you think that mary was justified in executing jane? explain your answer.
斯图尔特王朝时期的英国
self-assessment test
1、in which country was james i called james vi? a、wales b、scotland c、ireland d、france
2、whose quarrels with parliament and the authoritarian rule provoked the english civil war from 1642 to 1651? a、james i b、charles i c、charles ii d、james ii
3、who established the royal society for the study of science and the royal observatory at greenwich? a、james i b、charles i c、charles ii d、james ii
4、what happened after the attempt in parliament to exclude james ii from the throne? a、charles i dissolved parliament in 1679 and ruled as absolute monarch. b、james ii was excluded from the throne. c、the whig (who excluded james) and tory (who supported james) political parties were born out of the struggle. d、the monarchy was abolished and a republic called the commonwealth of england was declared.
5、which may not be the cause of the british civil war? a、charles i made a public commitment at the beginning of his reign to rule by law and protect the protestant establishment, but he soon proved otherwise. b、charles i attempted to impose a new, arminian prayer book upon both england and scotland. c、french catholic princess henrietta maria was allowed to practice her religion openly and freely. d、in 1629, charles i dismissed parliament again, resolved to rule alone and started his “eleven year tyranny”.
6、what happened after the cromwell’s death? a、protectorate parliament was dissolved. b、rump parliament was recalled. c、restoration of the monarchy. d、beginning of the third english civil war.
7、which is not part of the bill of rights? a、abolished the crown’s power to suspend laws. b、condemned the power of dispensing with laws. c、declared a standing army illegal in time of peace. d、tolerated the catholic dissent.
8、which may not be the cause of scientific development after the civil war? a、both the victorious parliamentarians and the defeated royalists turned enthusiastically to science and technology for its potential economic and social benefits. b、bacon made a theoretical expectation that close and repeated observation of nature would yield powerful laws, on the basis of which dramatic alterations could be made to man’s environment. c、royalists in retirement on their country estates, turned to intellectual pastimes in search of money-making initiatives to relieve their financial difficulties. d、the “new natural philosophy” had become a fashionable pursuit for gentlemen and commoners alike.
9、which is the first real colony? a、new england b、west indies c、jamestown d、gold coast
10、which is the milton’s work? a、paradise lost (1667) b、pilgrim’s progress (1678) c、all for love (1677) d、mathematical principles of natural philosophy (1687)
11、which happened in the reign of charles ii? a、restoration period b、great plague c、great fire of london d、glorious revolution
12、who were involved in the “great rebellion”? a、royalists b、roundheads c、charles ii d、oliver cromwell
13、who were the members of the royal society? a、sir francis bacon b、john wilkins c、edmond halley d、sir isaac newton
14、which documents limited royal power? a、act of union b、the great charter c、bill of rights d、declaration of breda
15、who were not the catholic? a、james ii b、mary ii c、william iii d、anne i
16、on the death of elizabeth i in 1603, her closest male protestant relative, james vi, king of scotland (1567-1625), succeeded to the throne as james i of england.
17、charles ii’ quarrels with parliament and the authoritarian rule provoked the english civil war from 1642 to 1660. he was tried, convicted, and executed for high treason in january 1649.
18、charles ii’ quarrels with parliament and the authoritarian rule provoked the english civil war from 1642 to 1660. he was tried, convicted, and executed for high treason in january 1649.
19、glorious revolution, also called revolution of 1688, or bloodless revolution, in english history, refers to the events of 1688–89 that resulted in the deposition of james ii and the accession of his daughter mary ii and her husband, william iii, prince of orange and stadholder of the netherlands.
20、the bill of rights that william iii and mary ii accepted upon ascension strengthened the sovereign’s power, and undermined parliament’s claim to control taxation and legislation.
21、the english civil war, also called the “great rebellion” or “english revolution”, was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between royalists and parliamentarians over principally the manner of its government.
22、the english civil war, also called the “great rebellion” or “english revolution”, was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between royalists and parliamentarians over principally the manner of its government.
23、richard cromwell, the son of thomas cromwell, is one of the most controversial figures in the history of the british isles, considered a regicidal dictator by some historians but a hero of liberty by others.
24、in poetry the restoration is distinguished by the work of john bunyan who is seen as dominating the literary life of restoration england to such a point that the period came to be known in literary circles as the age of bunyan.
25、edmond halley (1656-1742) emerged from scholarly near-reclusiveness at trinity college, cambridge, in the 1690s, to become master of the royal mint, and president of the royal society in 1703. his mathematical principles of natural philosophy (1687), set science on its modern course.
26、the monarchy was abolished and a republic called the was declared. the monarchy was restored to charles’s son, charles ii, in 1660.
27、charles ii, the eldest surviving son of charles i and henrietta maria of france, was restored to the throne in 1660 on the death of and the collapse of the english commonwealth after years of exile in the continent.
28、the years of charles ii’s reign are known in english history as the .
29、senior figures in the whig party invited james ii’s protestant son-in-law and nephew william of orange, to land an invasion army from the netherlands in the (1688-1689).
30、the that william iii and mary ii accepted limited the sovereign’s power, and reaffirmed parliament’s claim to control taxation and legislation.
31、the republic’s existence was initially declared through “an act declaring england to be a commonwealth”, adopted by the (nicknamed this because the army had purged the existing parliament of all members sympathetic to the king) on 19 may 1649.
32、mathematical principles of natural philosophy (1687) written by set science on its modern course.
33、the great plagueof 1665-1660 decimating approximately 100,000 of the population and the in 1666 burning 450 acres of the capital.
34、charles dissolved parliament three times between 1625 and 1629. in 1629, he dismissed parliament again, resolved to rule alone and started his “ ”.
35、during the early stuart period, the size of the puritan population continued to grow. both king james i and king charles i saw them as a threat to the established church. persecution led to some leaving britain to found new colonies in america.
learning assignment
1、here is a comic doodle in the slimy stuarts, written by deary terry and brown martin. look at the picture and guess what happened and why the man did so. hint: i. it happened in the reign of charles i. ii. it was associated with the unrest in scotland in 1640. iii. the man was a scottish bishop.
2、do some research, and talk about your understanding on the differences between the catholic, protestant, and puritan.
汉诺威王朝时期的英国
self-assessment
1、who is the first monarch of the house of hanover ascending the british throne in august 1714? a、george i b、george ii c、george iii d、victoria
2、george iii features all of the following information except: a、he was born in britain, spoke english as his first language, and never visited hanover. b、he is known as “the mad king who lost america”. c、he is the longest-ruling monarch before queen victoria and queen elizabeth ii. d、he succeeded in recovering the prerogative lost to the ministerial council by the first two georges.
3、who is regarded as britain’s first de facto prime minister? a、sir robert walpole b、sir thomas more c、william pitt d、robert clive
4、william’s reign saw several reforms, except: a、the poor law was updated. b、child labor was restricted. c、common people were endowed with the right to vote freely. d、slavery was abolished in nearly all the british empire.
5、who is the last british monarch of the house of hanover, also known as “the grandmother of europe”? a、queen victoria b、anne i c、elizabeth i d、mary i
6、which of the following statements is true about the parliament in the georgian era? a、landowners were eligible to vote a new house of commons every six years. b、membership into the upper house of parliament, the house of lords, was not limited to hereditary, appointed lords and high church clergy. c、parliament passed laws, controlled foreign policy, and approved the taxes that allowed the monarch to pay the salaries of officials, the military, and the royal family. d、the tory dominated the governments of george i and george ii.
7、“the government and the merchants became partners with the goal of increasing political power and private wealth, to the exclusion of other empires.” what does this refer to? a、urbanism b、mercantilism c、individualism d、collectivism
8、when did the american revolution start? a、1775 b、1776 c、1777 d、1765
9、when did the british army surrender at yorktown, virginia ollunder a combined siege by the french and continental armies under washington? a、1787 b、1785 c、1782 d、1781
10、the age of johnson (1745-1790) was characterized by the literary circle which included the following writers, except: a、oliver goldsmith b、jonathan swift c、james boswell d、edmund burke
11、who succeeded the throne from his father? a、george i b、george ii c、george iii d、george iv
12、what are the titles of queen victoria? a、queen of the united kingdom of great britain and ireland b、empress of india c、grandmother of europe d、princess of saxe-coburg and gotha
13、which of the following battles took place during the reign of george iii? a、the american revolutionary war b、the french revolutionary wars c、battle of trafalgar d、battle of waterloo
14、who were great literary masters of the hanoverian period? a、samuel johnson b、edward gibbon c、david hume d、percy bysshe shelley
15、attempts by the british government to raise revenue by taxing the colonies met with heated protest among many colonists, they may protest against: a、the stamp act of 1765 b、the townshend tariffs of 1767 c、the tea act of 1773 d、the act of settlement
16、on 11 june 1727, george i died on a trip. he was buried in england, and was succeeded by george ii.
17、george iii was born in britain, spoke english as his first language, and never visited hanover.
18、william iv was the last king of britain’s house of hanover.
19、victorian era was a period of industrial, cultural, political, scientific, and military peak within the united kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the british empire.
20、the hanoverians ruled as constitutional monarchs directly through appointed prime ministers who gathered and managed parliament.
21、throughout the georgian period the political rights of ordinary men and women were extremely developed.
22、the georgian era was moreover a time of british expansion throughout the world. the british won all the wars.
23、mercantilism was the basic policy imposed by britain on its colonies.
24、the first continental congress convened in philadelphia in may and voted to form a continental army with washington as its commander in chief.
25、to overturn a tory or a whig cabinet only a few votes were necessary, and to influence such votes london was flooded with pamphlets.
26、many of britain’s american colonies were lost in the .
27、victoria and prince albert of saxe-coburg and gotha had nine children who married into royal and noble families across the continent, tying them together and earning victoria the sobriquet of the “ ”.
28、victoria’s reign of 63 years and seven months is known as the . it was a period of industrial, cultural, political, scientific, and military peak within the united kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the british empire.
29、during the following decade, protests by colonists—known as patriots—continued to escalate, as in the in 1773 during which patriots destroyed a consignment of taxed tea from the parliament-controlled-and-favored east india company.
30、victory over napoleon at the battle of trafalgar (1805) and the (1815) under admiral lord nelson and the duke of wellington brought a sense of triumphalism and political reaction.
31、the second continental congress convened in philadelphia in may andvoted to form a continental army with washington as its commander in chief. on july 4, the continental congress voted to adopt the .
32、the american colonies enabled britain to deal with the (1789-1799) with more unity and better organization than would otherwise have been the case.
33、, who carried the arts of criticism and conversation to new heights, both typified and helped to form mid-18th-century views of life, literature, and conduct.
34、the expansion of empire brought fame to statesmen and explorers such as clive of india and captain , and sowed the seeds of the worldwide british empire of the victorian and edwardian eras which were to follow.
35、the continental congress voted to meet again in may 1775 to consider further action, but by that time violence had already broken out. on april 19, local militiamen clashed with british soldiers in and concord, massachusetts, marking the first shots fired in the revolutionary war.
learning assignment
1、listen to the audio in the attachment and answer the following questions. 1. which king was the “george” in the audio refers to? 2. what was he concerned about? 3. who was the "clever little boy" mentioned in the audio? 4. can you introduce one of the musical pieces composed by the “clever little boy”?
2、in modern britain, the cabinet heads government with parliamentary majority support. this has something to do with george i and george ii, can you explain why? william pitt the younger addressing the commons on the outbreak of the war with france (1793); painting by anton hickel.