1. 儒家关于自然与人的思想confucian thought on heaven and humanity
1-1 智慧与信仰 wisdom and beliefs随堂测验
1、which of the following words can best describes the relationship between human and nature in chinese culture？ a、friendly b、kind c、harmonious d、obedient
2、the fundamental significance of civilization lies in the creation of a ________ world. a、peaceful b、prosperous c、rich d、strong
3、chinese culture stresses _________. a、thinking of others all the time b、self-reflection c、external world d、criticism
4、to live up to the philosophy of living in harmony with nature, humans should clear away any intentions of combating nature.
5、human life is part of nature according to chinese culture.
6、an individual can live without community and society
1-2 儒家思想 confucianism随堂测验
1、all of the following are the titles of confucius except a、a scholar b、a biologist c、an educator d、a philosopher
2、the analects has influenced all the followings except _______in the over 2,000-year-long history of china after confucius. a、thinkers b、writers c、soldiers d、politicians
3、much of confucian thought on heaven and people represents _______human values. a、concuian b、philosophers’ c、universal d、ancient
4、analects is mainly about confucius’ words and life story.
5、analects is the most important work of confucius.
6、confucian thought still retains the interest of not only the chinese but also people in other parts of the world in the 21st century.
2、as the natural process of creation of life, _______ was the source of all living things and the source of all values. a、god b、human beings c、heaven d、gene
3、which of the following can best describe confucius’ view on the relationship between man and nature/heaven? a、brothers. b、husband and wife. c、doctor and patient. d、mother and son.
4、confucius advocated “standing in awe of the ordinances of heaven” and warned against offending heaven. this is, in essence, equivalent to the modern idea of staying in harmony with nature. so in this way confucius’ concept of heaven is similar to the modern ecological civilization.
5、according to confucius, heaven is part of nature.
6、confucian “heaven” had a certain sacred element, which was related to its being the source of life.
1-4 孔子关于人的思想：仁 confucius on people: ren随堂测验
1、according to confucius, ren should begin with the love for ________. a、heaven b、one’s state c、one’s family d、one’s parents
2、the expression “filial piety” most probably means being __________. a、responsible for the family b、obedient to sisters c、loyal to the state d、dutiful to parents
3、mencius was a great _________ . a、writer b、scholar c、doctor d、parent
4、confucius interpreted ren as love of people, which begins with the love for oneself.
5、2. according to confucius, only love of one’s parents can be interpreted as ren.
6、by ren, confucius means one should allow others to fulfill their desires while fulfill one’s desires.
1-5 孔子关于人的思想：礼 confucius on people: li随堂测验
1、through burial and ancestral worship rituals, people can learn that ___________. a、nature is lifeless so it will never die b、individual’s life can be everlasting by joining nature. c、they should be grateful to their parents for giving them lives. d、individual’s lifespan is short, so they should enjoy life as much as possible.
2、the role of li is to maintain _________ among people. a、friendship b、love c、harmony d、order
3、the ritual of wearing mourning for a deceased parent for three years was an expression of _________ . a、ren b、li c、yi d、zhi
4、according to confucius, the most important part of li is the burial rituals.
5、confucius placed emphasis on li with the aim of preserving social order, stability and harmony.
6、according to philosophical implication of li, life in nature is everlasting.
1-6 孔子关于人生活状态的思想 confucius on the state of life随堂测验
1、which of the following is the most important part of confucius’ curriculum? a、music. b、calligraphy c、virtue d、mathematics
2、zi lu, ran you and gongxi chi’s aspirations represent_______, while zeng dian’s reflects_______. a、personal ambition; selfishness b、lofty ideals; meaningless pursuit c、personal struggle; generous contribution d、individual contribution to society; harmony
3、confucius believed the basic goal of education was to cultivate “persons of virtue，” who should have sound __________ and uplifted minds. a、character b、appearance c、mood d、responsibility
4、persons of virtue are supposed to have sound character and uplifted minds and they can shoulder important social responsibilities and make contributions to society.
5、under the influence of confucius, chinese thinkers of later generation all believed that students and scholars should not only increase their knowledge, but also and more importantly, broaden their minds and enhance their spiritual echos.
6、confucius thought highly of zi lu’s aspiration.
《儒家关于自然与人的思想》单元测验
1、confucius regarded humans’ heavenly mission is___________ a、to protect nature b、to care for and improve life. c、to love their parents d、to obey social order
2、confucius regarded the highest state of life is________ a、harmony with nature b、harmony between people c、harmony among people and harmony between people and nature d、harmony between one and his inner mind
3、which of the following words can best describes the relationship between human and nature in chinese culture? a、friendly b、kind c、harmonious d、obedient
4、confucius lived in ___________. a、first emperor of qin period b、shang dynasty c、the spring and autumn period d、zhou dynasty
5、confucius words and life story we recorded in ________. a、the book of changes b、the doctrine of the mean c、the book of songs d、the analects
6、according to confucius, the natural process of life creation was the _______. a、way of heaven b、virtue of heaven c、love of heaven d、heavenly mission
7、the great __________ of heaven and earth is creating life. a、love b、virtue c、mission d、way
8、“the greatest love for people is the love for one’s parents.” is quotted from__________. a、the analects b、the doctrine of the mean c、the book of changes d、the book of songs
9、confucius said, “studying ___________ enables one to behave properly as a person of enlightenment. a、the book of songs b、the book of changes c、the book of rites d、the doctrine of the mean
10、in the story of “on aspirations”, confucius shared _________’s idea. a、zi lu b、ran you c、gongxi chi d、zeng dian
11、according to confucius, heaven is god to people.
12、according to confucius, children should never leave their parents while they are alive.
13、confucius said, “studying the book of songs inspires the spirit and helps one appreciate beauty.
14、to live up to the philosophy of living in harmony with nature, humans should clear away any intentions of combating nature.
15、in the ancient china, heaven was the highest sacred being, with its profound mystery fully understood by mortals.
16、confucius said, ren is “love one’s parents”.
17、confucius emphasized aesthetic education. he said, “studying music lifts the spirit and helps one to enjoy life.”
18、the most important part of “li” if the burial and ancestral worship rituals.
19、“heaven is the process of life creation” is confucius innovative idea about “heaven”.
20、confucius concept of heaven is completely different from the modern ecological civilization.
2. 老子自然无为的哲学思想 laozi’s philosophy of non-action
2-1 老子和《道德经》简介 a brief introduction to laozi and the way and virtue随堂测验
1、laozi was a(n)________ in the spring and autumn period. a、educator b、officer c、recluse d、administer
2、classic of the way and virtue was first introduced into _________ as early as the 15th century and has been one of the most translated philosophical works of ancient china. a、13th b、14th c、15th d、16th
3、which of the following is not used for the english name of laozi’s book? a、laozi b、dao de jing c、classic of the way and virtue d、daoism
4、daoism was the most influential indigenous school of region in china.
5、laozi’s thought became the basis of daoism.
6、dao de jing is a lengthy book.
2-2 自然 naturalness随堂测验
1、naturalness refers to a _________ state of being. a、harmonious b、still c、natural d、peaceful
2、according to laozi, all the phenomena in nature occur _________ and naturally. a、interdependently b、independently c、dependently d、harmoniously
3、which of the followings are not laozi’s philosophy? a、naturalness b、non-action c、filial piety d、non-contention
4、naturalness refers to nature.
5、laozi warned people to control the world.
6、according to laozi, following the way of nature is the way to resolving conflicts between humans and the world.
2-3 无为 non-action随堂测验
1、in laozi’s opinion, is the guarantee of naturalness. a、water b、fragile c、non-action d、state of newborn
2、the wisdom of the “useless tree” lies exactly in its________. a、hickness b、laziness c、naturalness d、oldness
3、great ingenuity appears to be ____________. a、quietness b、calmness c、stupidity d、cleverness
4、the difference between great ingenuity and ordinary ingenuity lies in the fact that the latter can be achieved through human effort, but the former is superior to the latter.
5、laozi’s philosophy of non-action advocates humans act following the laws of nature.
6、the story of a “useless tree” mentioned in the text mainly tells us that some living things in nature can survive others because of their naturalness.
2-4 不争的哲学 the philosophy of non-contention随堂测验
1、laozi said, “the greatest virtue is like water.” he compared his philosophy of________ to water. a、naturalness b、non-action c、non-contention d、returning to a new-born baby
2、according to laozi, war springs from humanity’s _________. a、bellicism b、richness c、hypocrisy d、desires
3、in laozi’s opinion, ________ is the symbol of life. a、strongness b、fragility c、maturity d、youth
4、the philosophy of non-contention states that keeping man’s desire avid can help resolve conflicts, thus avoiding wars.
5、in laozi’s opinion, strength is the symbol of life.
6、the philosophy of non-contention states that keeping man’s desire avid can help resolve conflicts, thus avoiding wars.
2-5 返璞归真 returning to a newborn state随堂测验
1、according to laozi, the first cry of a baby when he leaves his mother’s body is the call of________. a、long life b、genuine life c、long life d、rich life
2、to laozi, civilization is to a certain degree a _________ from the “true self”. a、departure b、return c、regain d、remain
3、water is _________ because it desires nothing and contents for nothing. a、weak b、invincible c、typical d、tender
4、laozi would rather remain a “newborn baby’, because it has nothing to worry about.
5、according to laozi, the process of a man’s growing up is that of losing his true ego.
6、by “returning to a newborn state”, laozi meant to remain childish.
《老子自然无为的哲学思想》单元测验
1、classic of the way and virtue consists of over __________ chinese characters. a、6000 b、5000 c、4000 d、7000
2、which of the following philosophical works of ancient china was most translated. a、the analects b、the doctrine of the mean c、the book of changes d、laozi
3、how to resolve conflicts between humans and the world according to laozi? a、overcome the strong by being weak. b、appear to be stupidity c、follow the way of nature d、manipulate the nature
4、laozi lived in ___________. a、first emperor of qin period b、shang dynasty c、the spring and autumn period d、zhou dynasty
5、the story of “useless tree” was from___________. a、laozi b、confucius c、zhuangzi d、sunzi
6、laozi compared his philosophy of _____________ to water. a、naturalness b、non-action c、non-contention d、returning to a newborn state
7、water is__________ because it desires nothing and contends for nothing. a、weak b、low c、invincible d、quiet
8、laozi regarded _____________ as the symbol of life. a、prosperity b、superiority c、nourishment d、fragility
9、the wisdom of the “useless tree” lies exactly in its________. a、thickness b、laziness c、naturalness d、oldness
10、according to laozi, war springs from humanity’s _________. a、bellicosm b、richness c、hypocrisy d、desires
11、laozi once held a high civil position in the royal court.
12、although lived in the same period, confucius and laozi had never known each other.
13、dao de jing is daoism.
14、daoism is the most influential indigenous school of religion in china.
15、laozi emphasized that everything in the world has its own way of being and development.
16、non-action means one should do nothing and just wait for something to happen.
17、great ingenuity means play tricks.
18、laozi proposed the view of “overcoming the strong by being weak” on the basis of “naturalness” and “non-action”.
19、laozi promoted failure because he suggested to remain weak when one aware of the strong.
20、according to laozi, the process of acculturation is the process of losing one’s true self.
3.《孙子兵法》：兵书之源 sunzi’s art of war: source for all books on war
3-1孙子和《孙子兵法》简介 an introduction of sunzi and sunzi's art of war随堂测验
1、which of the following is uncertain about sunzi’s art of war? a、the author’s birthplace b、the background of the book c、the time of writing d、the content of the book
2、sunzi’s art of war consists of ________ chapters in about 6000 characters. a、11 b、12 c、13 d、14
3、the first three countries that published the translation of sunzi’s art of war are japan, republic of korea and ________. a、france b、russia c、south korea d、italy
4、sunzi’s art of war was written by sun wu and sun bin.
5、sunzi’s art of war consists of 13 chapters in about 5000 characters.
6、sunzi’s art of war is the best book on war.
3.2.1 孙子兵法战略思想之例一：先计而后战。 planning before going to war.随堂测验
1、sunzi suggested one should plan at least _________ aspects a、four b、two c、three d、five
2、the army that has the ________ of the people will gain their support. a、approval b、disapproval c、control d、power
3、a special feature of sunzi’s art of war is _________. a、strategic thinking b、dialectical thinking c、holistic thinking d、cautious thinking
4、before entering a war, one must consider all factors of both sides.
5、morale refers to whether the war can win the support of people.
6、to judge the feasibility and consequences of a war, one must consider at least three factors.
3.2.2 孙子兵法战略思想之例二：知己知彼，百战不殆。one can fight and win a hundred wars if one knows both oneself and the enemy.随堂测验
1、the chances for winning are _________ if one knows oneself but not the enemy. a、100% b、50% c、30% d、70%
2、the most widely quoted concept from sunzi’s art of war is _______ . a、planning before going to war. b、one can fight and win a hundred wars if one knows both oneself and the enemy. c、the army survives by treachery. d、winning a war without fighting it.
3、the chances for winning are _________ if one knows neither oneself nor the enemy. a、100% b、50% c、30% d、0
4、“planning before going to war” is the most widely quoted concept from sunzi’s art of war.
5、the purpose of considering the five aspects is actually to know the real situation of the enemy.
6、if one knows both oneself and the enemy, victory is certain.
3.2.3 孙子兵法战略思想之例三：兵以诈立。 the army survives by treachery.随堂测验
1、the use of force is actually the use of __________. a、morale b、climate c、terrain d、treachery
2、the word “treachery” in sunzi’s art of war is closest in meaning to _________ a、deception b、betrayal c、preaching d、irritation
3、by treachery, it means attacking the enemy at a(n) ________ time and place. a、appropriate b、scheduled c、unexpected d、appointed
4、by “treachery”, one should try to lead the enemy to make all sorts of mistakes.
5、by using treachery an expert of war must present himself in the battlefield and direct his army to victory.
6、by treachery, it is crucial to deceive the enemy with false impressions.
3.2.4 孙子兵法战略思想之例四：不战而屈人之兵。 winning a war without fighting it.随堂测验
1、sunzi said: “the highest art of war is to outwit the enemy strategically. the second level is to _______ their diplomacy……” a、outwit b、foil c、attack d、beat
2、the strategy of the lowest level in a war is to _______ . a、use different strategies b、frustrate the diplomacy of the enemy c、attack the army of the enemy d、attack the city of the enemy
3、what is the best word to describe sunzi’s attitude toward large-scale killing and destruction? a、ideal b、best c、worst d、unavoidable
4、a “decent victory” is to take a city intact and to win victory through minimal killing.
5、the highest level of war is to win the enemy by diplomacy.
6、attacking the city is considered by sunzi as the least preferable.
3-3《孙子兵法》的辩证思维 the dialectical thinking of sunzi随堂测验
1、situations of war are _______. a、planned b、expected c、unchangeable d、changeable
2、there is ___________ way of using force. a、fixed b、no fixed c、best d、ideal
3、besides strategic thought, the rich _________ thought in sunzi’s art of war has aroused greater and greater attention from scholars of ancient chinese philosophy. a、cautious b、dialectical c、out of military d、holistic
4、to win a war, the commander must insist on his strategy.
5、sunzi draws special attention to the changing dynamics in the opposite direction.
6、according to sunzi, if a route can be taken, then it should be taken.
3-4孙子对慎战的思想和超越军事的智慧 sunzi’s cautions against war and wisdom beyond the military随堂测验
1、the use of force can never be taken ________. a、seriously b、lightly c、too much d、contradictorily
2、from sunzi’s warning, we can infer that sometimes a war could be declared just because __________ . a、one country was under attack from another b、the king or emperor just wanted to invade another country c、the ruler was irritated for the time being d、the commander and general had a bad temper
3、sunzi’s art of war was introduced abroad from the __________ dynasty. a、sui b、tang c、song d、ming
4、sunzi’s art of war’s influence has gone beyond the military.
5、many contempory scholars regard sunzi’s wisdom to be as universal as confucius’ wisdom.
6、sunzi’s cautions against war were changed in sun bin’s art of war.
《孙子兵法》单元测验
1、in sunzi’s art of war, ________ is similar to “treachery” in meaning. a、promise b、betrayal c、deception d、irritaton
2、one must analyze all factors of both sides before entering a war. these mainly include morale; ________; terrain; commanders and _______. a、climate; rule b、climate; rules c、rule; rewards d、regulations; reward
3、many scholars of ancient chinese philosophy were attracted by the the rich __________thought in sunzi’s art of war. a、philosophical b、changeable c、strategic d、holistic
4、sunzi’s art of war ends with____________. a、warnings against war b、strategy design c、dialectical thinking d、tactical application
5、according to sunzi’s warning, we can conclude that sometimes a war could be declared just because __________ . a、the king or emperor just wanted to invade another country b、one country was under attack from another c、the commander and general had a bad temper d、the ruler was irritatedfor the time being
6、the use of force is also the use of __________. a、treachery b、climate c、terrain d、morale
7、which of the following is unknown about sunzi’s art of war? a、the time of writing b、the author’s birthplace c、the content of the book d、the background of the book
8、sunzi said: “the highest art of war is to outwit the enemy strategically. the second level is to foil their diplomacy. the third level is to _______ their army. ” a、beat b、outwit c、foil d、attack
9、sunzi’s art of war consists of 13 chapters in about ________ characters. a、3000 b、6000 c、4000 d、2000
10、________ is the lowest level strategy in a war. a、attack the city of the enemy b、frustrate the diplomacy of the enemy c、attack the army of the enemy d、use different strategies
11、sunzi’s art of war consists of 10 chapters in about 3000 characters.
12、the word “treachery” in sunzi’s art of war is closest in meaning to betrayal.
13、sun bin was the founder of sunzi school.
14、rule refers to whether the war can win the support of people.
15、to judge the consequences of a war, one must consider at least three factors.
16、“the use of force is a matter of life or death for the soldiers, the people and the country.” is the most widely quoted concept from sunzi’s art of war.
17、a “decent victory”means that to win victory with minimal killing and take a city intact.
18、considering the five aspects is to know the situation of the enemy.
19、“winning a war without fighting it” is advocated by sunzi because he wanted to avoid large-scale killing and destruction.
20、the highest level of war is to attack the enemy’s cities.
4.长城 the great wall
4-1 长城 the great wall随堂测验
1、it meanders for 6,700 kilometers from __________ in the western desert to shanhai pass on the eastern seashore. a、simatai b、juyong pass c、badaling d、jiayu pass
2、through more than 2,000 years from the seventh century bc to the 16th century ad, ______ dynasties built parts of the great wall, a、6 b、19 c、16 d、12
3、with many gaps along the wall, the 600-kilometer-long section in the northern outskirts of ________ is the best preserved. a、shanhai pass b、beijing c、jiayu pass d、qin huang dao
4、blockhouses, garrison towns, passes built at strategic points, and beacon towers are mentioned to show the magnificence and variety of the great wall.
5、the construction of the great wall took more than 2000 years and involved 19 states.
6、wangjing tower is one of the best places to appreciate the beauty of beijing city.
4-2 长城修建的背景 the reasons of building the great wall随堂测验
1、the great wall was built with the basic goal of ___________. it represented people’s longing for a peaceful life. a、defensing home b、safeguarding peace c、resisting foreign aggression d、strengthening the position of the south
2、the south of china, with arable land and a warm climate, was suited for _________. a、husbandry b、agriculture c、handicraft industry d、silk
3、the north of china, with pastoral land and a cold climate, was suited for ________. a、animal husbandry b、handicraft industry c、silk d、agriculture
4、in history, the southern peoples were mostly engaged in animal husbandry.
5、the driving force for building the great wall is to protect lives and peace from wars.
6、in history, the northern peoples were mostly engaged in farming.
4-3 长城修建的意义 the significance of building the great wall随堂测验
1、in time, ________ came into being along the great wall, especially at its several dozen passes, where people from both sides carried out economic and cultural exchanges. a、agricultural zones b、economic zones c、cultural zones d、political zones
2、_________ was important for an agricultural population. a、military b、stability c、development d、peace
3、southern troops were often at a disadvantage facing the mobile northern cavalry. while _________ provided an effective, though not perfect, defense line. a、guns b、military c、the great wall d、the rivers
4、the great wall posed a barrier to the communication between the north and the south.
5、the great wall did serve to minimize conflicts between the two, making it possible for each to develop on their own.
6、no mater how great the great wall is, chinese history would be the same without it.
4-4长城的精神 the spirit of the great wall随堂测验
1、of the many legends about the great wall, the story of _________ is the most moving. a、hua mulan b、lady mengjiang c、yi kaizhan d、fan xiliang
2、over the centuries, the great wall has become a symbol of ___________ for the chinese people. a、consolidation and strength b、perseverance c、communication d、d.nation’ spirit
3、the great wall played a role in bringing in a new economic structure to the benefit of __________. a、the south b、the north c、the south and the north d、neither the south or the north
4、the south b. the north c. the south and the north d.neither the south or the north
5、the great wall provided an effective, though not perfect, defense line.
6、chinese history would have been another story without the great wall.
《长城》单元测验
1、from the seventh century bc to the 16th century ad, about ______ dynasties built parts of the great wall, a、6 b、12 c、16 d、19
2、with the basic goal of ___________, the great wall was built. a、defensing home b、safeguarding peace c、resisting foreign aggression d、strengthening the position of the south
3、in the age of cold steel, the great wall certainly served the purposes of __________. a、peaceful life b、agricultural production c、military defense d、resist aggression
4、with arable land and a warm climate, the south of china was suited for _________. a、husbandry b、silk c、handicraft industry d、agriculture
5、stability was important for an _________ population. a、agricultural b、industrial c、educational d、political
6、________ provided an effective defense line for southern troops while facing the mobile northern cavalry. a、guns b、military c、the rivers d、the great wall
7、at several dozen passes along the great wall, ________ came into being. a、cultural zones b、agricultural zones c、economic zones d、political zones
8、the great wall has become a symbol of ___________ for the chinese people over the centuries. a、nation’ spirit b、perseverance c、communication d、consolidation and strength
9、being the most precipitous part of it, ________ epitomizes the wonder of the great wall. a、shanhai pass b、jiayu pass c、simatai d、badaling
10、.__________ symbolizes that great achievement can be made with a common will and concerted effort . a、the great wall b、the forbidden city c、the summer palace d、temple of heaven
11、the construction of the great wall involved 19 states.
12、to protect lives and peace from wars，the driving force built the great wall.
13、the northern peoples were mostly engaged in farming in history.
14、one of the best places to appreciate the beauty of beijing city is wangjing tower. f
15、great achievement can be made with a common will and concerted effort, and this is the spirit of the great wall.
16、the great wall of today is mainly the legacy of the qing-dynasty renovations.
17、the great wall provided the southern cultivators with a sense of security as well as actual protection.
18、the south, with arable land and a warm climate, was suited for animal husbandry.
19、stability was important for an animal husbandry population.
20、according to sun yatsen’ saying, there would not have been the prosperity of the han and tang dynasties, or the integration of southern and northern peoples without the great wall.
5. 兵马俑 a silent army
5-1 兵马俑的发现 discovery of the terracotta army随堂测验
1、when did the villagers came across unusual pottery fragments when they dug a well near xianyang, shaanxi province? a、in the spring of 1974. b、in the autumn of 1974. c、in the winter of 1974. d、in the summer of 1975.
2、how many pits have been unearthed in the terracotta army? a、2 b、3 c、4 d、5
3、the terracotta army of the first emperor of qin was renowned as one of the “eight wonders of the world”
4、the terracotta army of the first emperor of qin was unearthed by villagers.
5、the terracotta army of the first emperor of qin had been interred with the remains of the first emperor more than 2000 years before it was unearthed.
5-2 四个坑的介绍 the introduction of pit随堂测验
1、how many soldiers make up the main body of the formation of pit no. 1? a、3,000 soldiers. b、6,000 soldiers. c、2,000 soldiers. d、1,000 soldiers.
2、how large is pit no. 1 of the terracotta army? a、with an area of more than 14,000 square meters and is the largest pit. b、b. with an area of more than 10,000 square meters. c、c. with an area of more than 5,000 square meters. d、d. less than 5,000 square meters.
3、which of the following is not found in pit no. 1? a、soldiers. b、commanders. c、archers. d、chariots.
4、pit no. 1 is the largest, with an area of more than 14000 square meters.
5、pit no. 1 is home to an entire battle formation of life-size soldiers and horses, but no chariots.
6、pit no. 1 is the most imposing of all the battle formations discovered so far.
5-2 四个坑的介绍 the introduction of pit随堂测验
1、how many battle formations are there in pit no. 2? a、4 b、3 c、5 d、6
2、one of the differences between pit no. 2 and pit no. 1 is that _________. a、the former has more soldiers than the latter b、the former has more war chariots than the latter c、the soldiers hold more modern weapons in pit no. 2 d、the war chariot was drawn by horses in the former rather than by soldiers as in the latter.
3、which of the following is not right about pit no. 3 ? a、it is located to the east of pit no.1. b、in a 凹 shape, it is the smallest of all the pits, with only 68 warriors inside. c、a war chariot was placed at the front of the entrance. d、the formation resembles the headquarters of the left, central and right divisions of the entire army.
4、both pit no. 3 and pit no. 4 have not been completed.
5、pit no. 3 was probably intended as the central division.
6、pit no. 4 has been planned to house the headquarters.
5-3 生动的雕塑 vivid sculpture随堂测验
1、which is not right about the expression of the terracotta horses ? a、some are pulling chariots. b、others are cavalry steeds. c、the horse holds its head high, with its mane standing erect. d、its tail, while remaining still, is turned a little downwards.
2、the examples of the half-squatting, half-kneeling archers in pit no. 2 are used to illustrate _________ . a、how vivid the warriors and horses are b、how impressive the size of the terracotta army is c、what kind of suits people wore at that time d、how attentive the soldiers were
3、the sculpture of the horses are made to seem _________. a、alert b、gentle c、fierce d、handsome
4、the impressive size of the army and the masterful craftsmanship of the sculptures impress people deeply.
5、the terracotta army of the first emperor of qin has enabled people of today to understand of the great sculptural arts of over 1,000 years ago.
6、the sculpture is so vivid and the craftsmanship of the sculptures is so masterful.
第五单元测验
1、the impressive ________ of the terracotta army impress people deeply. a、size b、color c、mode d、history
2、pit no._______ and pit no.4 have not been completed. a、1 b、2 c、3 d、5
3、there are _______kinds of terracotta sculpture in pit no. 2. a、1 b、2 c、3 d、4
4、in pit no. 2, to the left of the chariots is a formation of 108 horsemen and 180 saddled horses in _______ rows. a、11 b、12 c、13 d、14
5、from this unit, we can infer that _____________. a、the terracotta army was dug out by villagers in xianyang b、the archaeologists discovered the terracotta army by chance c、the warriors and horses were made of pottery d、the terracotta army was designed by the first emperor
6、which of the following is not found in pit no. 1? a、soldiers. b、commanders. c、archers. d、chariots.
7、the description of soldiers and horses in pit no. 2 is to illustrate ___________. a、how vivid the warriors and horses are. b、how impressive the size of the terracotta army is c、what kind of suits people wore at that time. d、how attentive the soldiers were.
8、how many terracotta horses are there in pit no. 1? a、4 b、8 c、16 d、32
9、which is the smallest pit discovered so far? a、pit no.1 b、pit no.2 c、pit no.3 d、pit no.4
10、how many warriors or horses discovered in pit no 4? a、68 warriors and no horses. b、180 warriors and no horses. c、no warriors, but 32 horses d、neither warriors nor horses.
11、there are about 300 soldiers in the front echelon of pit no. 1 of the terracotta army.
12、the half-squatting, half-kneeling archers in of pit no. 2 genuflect on one leg while squatting on the other.
13、there are about 80 war chariots in pit no. 2 of the terracotta army.
14、the war chariot was drawn by horses in pit no. 2 rather than by soldiers as in the pit no. 1.
15、in a 凹 shape, pit no. 3 is the smallest of all the pits, with only 68 warriors inside.
16、the terracotta army of the first emperor of qin is only a great legacy of his military might.
17、a war chariot was placed at the front of the entrance in pit no. 4.
18、pit no. 2 was discovered much later, covering an area of about 5,000 square meters.
19、pit no. 3 has the least warriors among the four pits.
20、pit no. 3was not finished probably.
6.京剧peking opera
6-1京剧的起源 the origin of peking opera随堂测验
1、1. how did peking opera came into being? a、when four henan opera troupes performed for the 80th birthday of the emperor. b、when four heibei opera troupes performed for the 80th birthday of the emperor. c、when four anhui opera troupes performed for the 80th birthday of the emperor. d、when four jiangsu opera troupes performed for the 80th birthday of the emperor.
2、2.the origin of peking opera is for celebration of the birthday of . a、a. qian long b、a. kang xi c、a. kang xi d、a. jia qing
3、3. some scholars believe that the xipi musical form derived from the . a、a. pihuang b、b. historic qinqiang c、c. pi ying d、d. kun qu
4、4. one of the reasons why peking opera is unique, it is the special melody.
5、5. han opera is widely known as the mother of peking opera.
6、6. peking opera serves as a bridge through which the traditional chinese culture is introduced to other parts of the world. in 2011, peking opera was listed on the world cultural heritage.
6-2京剧脸谱的魅力the delights of peking opera masks随堂测验
1、1. qingyi is also called________. a、a. zhengdan b、b. huadan c、c. laodan d、d. wudan
2、2. what mask should the actor of bao zheng wear in peking opera? a、a. a red one b、b. a black one c、c. a yellow one d、d. a purple one
3、3. in character of dan, old women were played by laodan, martial women were wudan, young female warriors were . a、a. qing yi b、b. daoma dan c、c. lao dan d、d. dan
4、4. the roles in peking opera are divided into four types: sheng, dan, jing and chou.
5、5. sheng is a common name of female characters.
6、6. a red face symbolizes loyalty and a black face signifies honesty and frankness.
6-3京剧的艺术表现形式peking opera performance随堂测验
1、1. is of utmost importance in the performance of peking opera, because first of all, peking opera is such kind of art. a、a. singing b、b. speaking c、c. acting d、d. fighting
2、2. speaking refers to character monologs and , which serve to propel the development of the story. a、a. words b、b. lines c、c. dialogs d、d. songs
3、3. which of the following is mentioned as involved with acting and fighting? a、a. eye contract b、b. kung fu c、c. aerobatics d、d. gymnastics
4、4. singing is not as important as acting in peking opera.
5、5. the roles tell the story by speaking, whereas singing is more concerned with expression of emotions.
6、6. speaking is of utmost importance in the performance of peking opera, because first of all, peking opera is a speaking art.
6-4虚拟世界之美the beauty of “virtual world”随堂测验
1、1. a virtual means creating an imagined environment onstage. for example, rowing a boat. a、a. setting b、b. movement c、c. stage d、d. role
2、2. the function of the “ ” in the art of peking opera, which provides limitless room for the performances of actors; in return, performers present the audience with a world of images full of appealing wit. a、a. virtual setting b、b. virtual world c、c. lines d、d. acting
3、3. what is special about the performance at the crossroad is that, although the fight happens , the stage is brightly lit; yet the audience is able to sense it is a pitch-dark night from the actors’ performance, which feature stealthy movements typical of people in darkness. a、a. in the morning b、b. in the afternoon c、c. at night d、d. at noon
4、4.tables and chairs and can be used for different purposes in peking opera.
5、5. there are lots of props on the stage to indicate different situations.
6、6. the virtuality of peking opera consists of two aspects: one is virtual movements, and the other virtual settings.
6-5著名京剧选段famous peking opera appreciation随堂测验
1、1. the famous play of peking opera at the crossroad is the illustration of art form of .
2、2. the famous play of peking opera picking up the bracelet is the illustration of art form of .
3、3. the performance of famous play of peking opera autumn river belongs to the virtual .
4、4. scholars believe the play of is the graduated level representative art works in mei school.
5、5. put the most effort on stage in the opera the lance of the universe in his life.
6-6著名京剧大师-梅兰芳great peking opera artist-mei lanfang随堂测验
1、1. which of the following is not true about mei lanfang? a、a. he wrote some plays for peking opera. b、b. he created various dances. c、c. he composed many new melodies. d、d. he enriches peking opera by introducing erhu
2、2. had the reputation of peking opera master? a、a. mei lan fang b、b. shang xiao yun c、c. cheng yan qiu d、d. shang xiao yun
3、3.which play is not the representative play of mei lan fang in peking opera? a、a. the drunken concubine(贵妃醉酒) b、b. the lance of the universe(宇宙锋) c、c. women general mu guiying(穆桂英挂帅) d、d. at crossroad (三岔口)
4、4. xun huisheg was known by all the foreigners and also the first actor to transmit peking opera to the world.
5、5. mei lanfang was the most influential and successful actor thanks to his team and support from them. they were called mei pai in chinese.
6、6．the four famous players of peking opera were: “mei” (mei lanfang), “shang” (shang xiaoyun), “cheng” (cheng yanqiu), and “xun” (xun huisheng).
《京剧》单元测验
1、peking opera is centered in beijing , and spread all the country even the world. it is listed on world intangible cultural heritage on november 16 th, . a、2010 b、2011 c、2012 d、2013 e、2014 f、2015
2、young male characters as sing in a high, shrill voice with occasional breaks. a、lao sheng b、xiao sheng c、wu sheng d、sheng e、jing f、chou
3、one purpose of mask is to indicate the identity and character of the role. for example, a “red face” means the person is loyal and brave; a “ ” signifies the person is straightforward; and a “white face” identifies the person as crafty and evil. a、black face b、blue face c、yellow face d、green face e、gray face f、gold face
4、according to the article, what mask should the actor of qin hui wear in peking opera? a、a red one b、a black one c、a white one d、one in the shape of a butterfly e、a gray one f、a gold one
5、for the basic skills of peking opera, which one is the closest with actor of nowadays? a、singing b、speaking c、acting d、fighting e、playing f、running
6、the proverb of “one minute on stage, ten years off stage” is often described for which skill of peking opera? a、singing b、speaking c、acting d、fighting e、playing f、running
7、in picking up the jade bracelet , sun yujiao was selecting one pattern to embroidery on her cloth. she acted on the stage without . a、knife and fork b、cloth and clothes c、needle and thread d、paper and pen e、book and pen f、table and chair
8、in peking opera, “a play” is not so much the story or plot but a world of images created onstage, a wonderful arena of harmony between and settings. a、sentiments b、players c、settings d、stages e、movements f、eye contacts
9、which of the following is the distinct feature of watching a peking opera as compared with seeing a film? a、the peking opera theatergoers pay more attention to the roles. b、the peking opera theatergoers applaud from time to time while watching a performance. c、the audience of a film applaud when a person performing stunts. d、the audience of a film value the beauty of the craft so that they ignore the world of imagery.
10、what can we learn about peking opera through the saying “watching a play is watching famous actors”? a、the viewers go to the theater to see the actors instead of the play. b、the famous actors are good-looking and perform well. c、the actors are good at all of the four basic aspects of peking opera. d、the performances of the actors are as important as the play itself.
11、peking opera has the fame of chinese culture essence.
12、it's widely acknowledged that the end of the 19th century was the most flourishing period in the development of beijing opera.
13、most notable peking operas with modern themes were composed before the founding of the people’s republic of china
14、dan roles were originally divided into five subtypes
15、the role of dan means the person playing the role is female, and the role on the stage is female.
16、there are 15 basic facial patterns of masks, but over 1000 specific variations of those.
17、the performance of a peking opera actor can be summarized into four basic aspects: singing, speaking, acting, and fighting,
18、speaking refers to character dialogs, which serve to propel the development of the story.
19、virtual movement refers to imitating actions onstage. for instance, rowing a boat.
20、the “play” or “world of images” created by peking opera naturally relies on the plot provided by the script.
7.民间艺术 folk arts
7-1景泰蓝 cloisonne随堂测验
1、it is common knowledge that china has a long history and glorious history in both arts and traditional_______. a、drawings b、crafts c、films d、operas
2、the nine peaches and bats have the symbolic meaning of happiness, longevity and ________. a、prosperity b、peace c、hope d、healthy
3、cloisonné production involves very complicated techniques, with more than ______ working procedures. a、10 b、20 c、30 d、40
4、the making of cloisonné first appeared during the jingtai reign of the ming dynasty.
5、it was the emperor of the chenghua reign that improved the color process, and created the bright blue that appealed to the oriental aesthetic sense.
6、through the interesting procedure of enamel filling, the cloisonné wears a colored wrap.
7-2 年画 new year pictures随堂测验
1、most new year pictures feature designs symbolizing good fortune, _________and festivity. a、auspiciousness b、wealth c、promotion d、harmony
2、to the _______ dynasty, new year pictures gradually matured with the development of the commercial economy as well as the citizen culture, providing a huge market. a、southern song b、eastern jin c、western jin d、northern song
3、traditional new year pictures mainly feature local people's life and customs with intense ______ and violent_______. a、paintings b、colors c、contrast d、similarity
4、yangjiabu new year pictures adopt the method of xylograph,overprinting combined with hand-painted color
5、taohuawu new year pictures once spread to japan and exerted certain influence on japanese ukjyoe paintings, or paintings from the “floating world”.
6、people put up new year pictures in their homes to enhance the lively festival atmosphere.
7-3 刺绣 embroidery随堂测验
1、china has ______ most famous types of embroidery, each with its own style and different themes. a、three b、four c、two d、five
2、historically, _______embroidery was famous for its cats and hunan embroidery for its. a、suzhou;tigers b、hangzhou;phoenixes c、xiang;pandas d、shu;fishes
3、through progress over zhou dynasty, the _______ dynasty witnessed a leap in embroidery in both technique and art style. a、qin b、han c、eastern jin d、western jin
4、because most embroiders are women, hence the byname for embroidery of, “women’s needlework”
5、during the yuan dynasty, specific markets and workshops appeared, and new year pictures evolved into an independent art form.
6、historically, suzhou embroidery was famous for its tigers. hunan embroidery for its cats.
7-4 剪纸 papercuts随堂测验
1、paper-cut in china is the symbol of chinese culture heritage, as carrying on the human ______ on the globe, having been showing the folk craft-cutting for almost thousands years. a、beauty b、civilization c、elegance d、spirit
2、the papercut is a special folk art in china, with a history of nearly _______ years. a、800 b、1,500 c、1,300 d、1,000
3、paper-cut in china is the symbol of chinese culture heritage, carrying on the human civilization on the globe.
4、papercut is not a type of improvised art with powerful expression.
5、in the city of xi’an, shaanxi province, people once used paper instead of glass as window-covering.
7-5 皮影 shadow play随堂测验
1、the shadow play first appeared more than 2,000 years ago, and by the _______ dynasty this art has become highly developed with its main artistic form already established. a、han b、song c、ming d、yuan
2、how good a shadow play is depends on the ______ and the handling of the puppets. a、dancing b、playing c、singing d、making
3、in the ______ century it was introduced into west asia, and by the ______ century it had spread to other parts of the world. a、13th b、14th c、17th d、18th
4、the appeal of shadow play only lies in its puppet-making.
5、shadow plays from huaxian county of shaanxi province are the best known.
6、the shadow play is in fact the world’s earliest “movie art” with the accompaniment of human voice.
《民间艺术》单元测验
1、cloisonné is a traditional art widely known in and outside china. it is a kind of superb local expertise from_______. a、tianjin b、shanghai c、guangzhou d、beijing
2、about ______ years ago, yangliuqing new year pictures began to enjoy great fame, with every family adept at creating this particular genre of painting. a、300 b、400 c、500 d、600
3、embroidery with _______on one side and kitty on the other side is a representative of this style. a、fish b、horse c、peacock d、phoenix
4、possibly the most challenging step of the procedure of filigree welding is heating to ______ degrees centigrade to firm the metal. a、700 b、500 c、900 d、1000
5、traditional new year pictures mainly feature local people's life and customs with intense ______ and violent_______. a、paintings b、colors c、contrast d、similarity
6、among ethnic groups, ______ , bouyei and ______ people are also adept at embroidery. a、yi b、bai c、miao d、naxi
7、the "four great woodblocks in china," refers to new year pictures from _______ yangliuqing, suzhou taohuawu, _______ yangjiabu, and ______ wuqiang are acknowledged as each of which boasts unique features. a、tianjin b、shandong c、hubei d、hebei
8、cloisonné combines the skills of bronze art, _______, _______, and other types of folk arts. a、painting b、porcelain c、carving d、knitting
9、during the reigns of emperors _______ and _______ of the qing dynasty, cloisonné improved and reached its artistic summit. a、kangxi b、yongzheng c、qianlong d、xianfeng
10、shandong’s new year pictures as well have a rich content. the collocation of colors is usually exaggerated, _______, intense, and _______ in contrast. a、bold b、violent c、ambiguous d、extravagant
11、the process to form copper pieces into various shapes with a hammer according to a design, joining them under high temperature is called filigree welding.
12、“fish” and “surplus” in chinese have the same pronunciation. through the homophony of the two words, people express their wishes for longevity of the old people.
13、the oldest embroidered product in china on record dates from the xia dynasty.
14、through progress over zhou dynasty, the han dynasty witnessed a leap in embroidery in both technique and art style.
15、the earliest record of shu embroidery was during the eastern han dynasty.
16、for embroidery, the qing dynasty inherited the features of the ming dynasty and absorbed new ingredients from japanese embroidery and even western art.
17、in the city of xi’an, shaanxi province, people once used animal hides instead of glass as window-covering.
18、in the latter half of the 16th century, a form of drama arose in france called “french light and shadow”, which caused a great sensation when it was staged in paris and marseilles.
19、the qiansheng operates the movements of the puppets in the shadow play performance.
20、how good a shadow play is depends on the singing and the handling of the puppets.
8.丝绸之路the silk road
8-1丝绸之路的起源 the origin of the silk road随堂测验
1、1. there are several silk roads or routes. in the west, there was the northwest silk road. this route was opened officially by zhang qian in dynasty. a、a. western han b、b. eastern han c、c. tang d、d. qin
2、2. there was from guangzhou, quanzhou, hangzhou, yangzhou and other coastal areas, starting from the nanyang city, to the sea of arabia, even as far as the east coast of africa. a、a. the northwest silk road b、b. the prairie silk road c、c. the southwest silk road d、d. maritime silk road
3、3. the western region is divided into two parts of the south and the north with the mountains as the boundary. a、a. qilian b、b. tianshan c、c. hua shan d、d. tai shan
4、4.the silk road refers to the route between china and central asia and between china and india, as the medium of trade from 114 bc to 127.
5、5.the ancient silk road stated from beijing , the ancient capital of china, and reached the mediterranean through central asian countries such as afghanistan, iran, iraq, syria and rome, with a total length of 6440 km.
6、6. the expression “silk road” was not recorded until about l,700 years after its appearance.
8-2古代丝绸之路的开拓者-张骞 the trail blazer of ancient silk road - zhang qian随堂测验
1、1.who was the pioneer blazing the trail of the ancient silk road? a、a. zhang qian b、b. huo qubing c、c. the huns d、d. zheng he
2、2. when the western han dynasty was founded, the north was faced with the threat of a powerful nomadic nation. this nation, collectively referred to as “ ”. a、a. races b、b. hans c、c. huns d、d. minors
3、3. zhang qian’s team set out in . they were captured by the huns and held under house arrest for over ten years. a、a. 138 bc b、b. 138ad c、c. 119 bc d、d. 119 ad
4、4. with the reducing taxes and prospering economy policy, especially “wenjingzhizhi”, the unity of politics was centralized and economic was recovered.
5、5. in 119 bc, the emperor sent zhang qian on a third mission to the western regions. this time zhang qian went further west, while his deputies reached more than a dozen countries in south and west asia, and the mediterranean.
6、6. in 166, envoys from india arrive via the silk road in chang’an, where they set up an embassy, which proved the central role of ancient china.
8-3古代丝绸之路的意义 the significance of ancient silk road随堂测验
1、1. through the silk road, trade flourished between china and central, south and west asian countries and europe. a、a. india b、b. africa c、c. atlantic d、d. america
2、2.the chinese four great inventions as well as the skills of and silk spinning were transmitted to the west. a、a. silkworm growing b、b. silkworm treating c、c. silkworm breeding d、d. silkworm counting
3、3.in dynasty, printing technique had been introduced into the central asia. a、a. tang b、b. han c、c. song d、d. sui
4、4.in the first century bc, buddhism was introduced into china via the silk road.
5、5.the chinese four great inventions (paper making, printing, gunpowder and compass) as well as the skills of silkworm breeding and silk spinning were transmitted to the west.
6、6. thanks to the silk road, the ancient greeks had known a lot about eastern civilizations before 700bc.
8-4现代“一带一路”的战略构想 the strategy of "one belt and one road" in modern times随堂测验
1、1. along with the development of the times, the silk road has become a general term of all activities between ancient china and the west. a、a. political b、b. economic c、c. cultural d、d. martial
2、2. the strategy of the belt and road should promote policy coordination, and people-to-people bonds as their five major goals, and strengthen cooperation. a、a. friendly communication b、b. facilities connectivity c、c. unimpeded trade d、d. financial integration
3、3.there was maritime silk road from and other coastal areas, starting from the nanyang city, to the sea of arabia, even as far as the east coast of africa. a、a. guangzhou b、b. quanzhou c、c. hangzhou d、d. yangzhou
4、4.the silk road economic belt and the 21st-century maritime silk road, better known as the one belt and one road.
5、5.it is a development strategy proposed by premier li keqiang.
6、6. it was initially called one belt and one road, but in mid-2016 the official english name was changed to the belt and road initiative .
8-5“一带一路”战略的意义 the significance of the strategy of one belt and one road随堂测验
1、1. according to “the belt and road forum for international cooperation”，the silk road spirit is concluded as : peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness and . a、a. policy coordination b、b. unimpeded trade c、c. mutual learning and mutual benefit d、d. peace and development
2、2. wind power, hydropower thermal power, photovoltacic, the total amount of equipment china is exporting to countries along the belt and road equals the power installed in beijing. at the same time, the hidden energy sources under the ancient silk road are being excavated. these achievements belongs to the field of . a、a. policy coordination b、b. facilities connectivity c、c. unimpeded trade d、d. financial integration
3、3. cooperation zones between xinjiang and central asia, between yunnan and south asia, between guangxi and southeast asia, from port trade to pilot free trade zone, from inland to the sea, has gradually become reality. these achievements belongs to the field of . a、a. facilities connectivity b、b. unimpeded trade c、c. financial integration d、d. people-to-people bonds
4、4. improving the transportation infrastructure will reduce logistics costs and giving back the profit to the trade partner. in order to increase economic growth, the countries along the belt and road are busy developing their infrastructure. these achievements belongs to the field of . a、a. facilities connectivity b、b. unimpeded trade c、c. financial integration d、d. people-to-people bonds
5、5. we should carry forward the spirit of friendly cooperation of the silk road by promoting extensive cultural and academic exchanges, personnel exchanges and cooperation, media cooperation, youth and women exchanges and volunteer services, so as to win public support for deepening bilateral and multilateral cooperation. these achievements belongs to the field of . a、a. facilities connectivity b、b. unimpeded trade c、c. financial integration d、d. people-to-people bonds